Which aseptic technique involves using sound waves to vibrate and cleanse surgical instruments?

The correct choice is ultrasonic sanitization, which involves using sound waves to create high-frequency vibrations in a liquid medium. This process generates microscopic bubbles that collapse and produce a scrubbing effect, effectively removing dirt, debris, and contaminants from surgical instruments. This method is particularly effective for cleaning delicate items and those with complex geometries that may trap soil.

In contrast, autoclaving, steam sterilization, and chemical sterilization utilize different mechanisms to achieve sterilization or disinfection. Autoclaving and steam sterilization involve the use of high-pressure steam to kill microorganisms through heat, while chemical sterilization employs liquid or gas chemicals to achieve disinfection or sterilization. None of these methods involve the use of sound waves as employed in ultrasonic sanitization, making it the most appropriate choice for this question.